|
Battery cages are a housing system used for various animal production methods, but primarily for egg-laying hens. The name arises from the arrangement of rows and columns of identical cages connected together, sharing common divider walls, as in the cells of a battery. Although the term is usually applied to poultry farming, similar cage systems are used for other animals. Battery cages have generated controversy between advocates for animal rights, and industrial producers. It was estimated that over 60% of the world’s eggs were produced in industrial systems, mostly using battery cages.〔(Compassion in World Farming - Welfare issues for egg laying hens )〕 In the US, over 90% of the 300 million egg-laying chickens are housed in battery cages.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Birds on Factory Farms )〕 In the UK, statistics from the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) indicate that 50% of eggs produced in the UK throughout 2010 were from cages (45% from free-range, 5% from barns).〔(50% of UK eggs laid by free range hens- Farming UK news )〕 However, introduction of the European Union Council Directive 1999/74/EC〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=European Union Council Directive 1999/74/EC )〕 which banned conventional battery cages in the EU from January 2012 for welfare reasons, means the number of eggs from battery cages in the EU states is rapidly decreasing. The EU ban was proposed when international scientists independently observed signs of extreme abnormal behaviour (including cannibalism) in caged hens.〔(Scientists and Experts on Battery Cages and Laying Hen Welfare )〕〔(Animal Welfare: Commission report confirms the potential benefits of banning conventional battery cages for laying hens )〕 ==Examples== Battery cages also used for mink, rabbit, chinchilla and foxes in fur farming, and most recently for the Asian palm civet for kopi luwak production of coffee. File:Sun Bear bile extration 01.jpg|Battery cages for sun bears reared for their bile File:Abandoned mink shed, Upper Edge, Fixby, near Elland - geograph.org.uk - 385688.jpg|Battery cages for mink reared for their fur File:Silver fox.jpg|Battery cages for silver foxes reared for their fur File:Luwak (civet cat) in cage.jpg|Battery cages for civets reared for kopi luwak (coffee) production 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Battery cage」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|